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Declassified FSB documents detail war crimes, mass executions, and Nazi collaboration
Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB) has released declassified documents detailing mass atrocities committed by Latvian members of Waffen-SS units during World War II.
The Latvian Legion, a combat branch of the Nazi German Waffen-SS, was formed in 1943 primarily of ethnic Latvians on the orders of Adolf Hitler.
The documents were published on Friday ahead of the EU country’s ‘Remembrance Day of the Latvian Legionnaires’, and as Russia prepares to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the defeat of Nazi Germany in May.
According to the FSB, the records are based on intelligence gathered by the Soviet counterintelligence service (SMERSH) on SS units formed from Latvian volunteers. The material includes reports by Soviet partisans, intelligence officers, and prisoners of war, later compiled and shared with the Red Army command.
The report highlighted the Latvian Auxiliary Security Police, also known as the Arajs Kommando, named after its leader, Viktors Arajs. The SS unit, notorious for its brutality, consisted entirely of volunteers, including former Latvian army officers. It was responsible for the murder of at least 30,000 people.
The declassified files include interrogation records of Arajs Kommando members arrested by SMERSH in 1945, revealing detailed accounts of war crimes.
One of the legionnaires is documented as having “systematically executed” Jews – including women, children, and the elderly – in Bikernieki Forest near Riga. He reportedly took part in the killing of over 10,000 people, while investigators estimated the total number of victims there at 46,500.
Members of Arajs Kommando “destroyed everything on their way,” burning entire villages, looting, and killing women and children without exception. According to the documents, they also carried out raids in Belarus and Poland. One member boasted about personally “hanging two women,” as revealed in the declassified records.
The FSB noted that as the Arajs Kommando proved its loyalty to the Nazis through “unprecedented brutality,” they were soon equipped in the style of SS units.
On March 16, hundreds are expected to march in the Latvian capital, Riga to honor their compatriots who fought alongside the Nazis during World War II. Despite the outcry from many countries, the Baltic nation continues to permit the annual parade dedicated to Latvian Waffen-SS legionnaires. Moscow has repeatedly accused Latvia – a member of NATO and the EU – of trying to whitewash war criminals by allowing the controversial event.
Reflecting on the upcoming march, the FSB noted that the event celebrates SS legionnaires who openly display awards from Nazi Germany. Latvian neo-Nazis even chose the date to coincide with the Nazi ‘Day of Commemoration of Heroes’, reinforcing a shared “pantheon of heroes” with the 20th-century Nazis, many of whom were convicted of crimes against humanity, the FSB said.
