Who gets 15 hours of free childcare and how do I apply?

Working parents of children from nine months old can now access 15 hours of free childcare.

The government hopes the scheme, which extended to include this age group on 1 September, will help parents return to work.

The scheme will expand to include all under-5s from late 2025, but critics say there are not enough places to meet demand and there are serious concerns about the number of staff.

Extra help with childcare costs in England is being rolled out in stages. Some free hours were already available.

The help you can get depends on the age of your child, and whether you are working, or receiving certain benefits.

Working parents can get:

To qualify for the new hours, the majority of parents must earn more than £9,518,, external but less than £100,000 per year.

Those on certain benefits can already get:

If you do not work, you might still be eligible for 30 hours of free childcare, external if your partner works, or you receive certain benefits.

Parents should apply before the start of the term when their child will be eligible.

You have to reconfirm your details every three months so if you do apply early, remember you will have to confirm your details have not changed before term begins.

The next term begins in January and parents of children from nine months old who are eligible for 15 or 30 hours can apply.

The government website has details of the deadlines to apply for each age group., external

Once approved, you will get a code to give to your officially-registered childcare provider., external

Free childcare hours are designed to be used over 38 weeks of the year - during school term time.

However, some providers will stretch them over 52 weeks if you use fewer hours per week.

The government is increasing the hourly rate it pays childcare providers offering free hours.

However, in many cases, this rate does not cover the full cost of the childcare. So, some providers charge for extras like meals, nappies, sun cream or trips.

The Department for Education (DfE) said all additional costs are voluntary, and parents should be told they can supply their own food and supplies to make their childcare entirely free.

However, the charity Pregnant Then Screwed says its research found almost a quarter (23%) of parents said they couldn't afford to access free childcare hours because of top-up fees., external

The average cost of full-time nursery (50 hours a week) for a child under two in Britain will be £15,709 across 2024, according to children's charity Coram, up from just under £15,000 in 2023.

Actual costs can vary significantly depending on where you live.

But Coram's 2024 figure represents about 45% of average pay for a full-time worker in the UK.

About 85,000 more childcare places and 40,000 extra staff will be needed by September 2025, the DfE estimates.

A National Audit Office report said a decision to cancel a £35m pilot aimed at testing the scheme's feasibility had created "significant" uncertainty around whether nurseries and childminders would be able to help deliver the plan.

The plans would increase the attainment gap between children from richer families and their poorer peers, it added.

According to Coram, the availability of nursery and childminder places has worsened for all ages of pre-school children across England, Scotland and Wales.

It says fewer than a third of councils (29%) have enough spaces for under-twos in 2024, down from 42% in 2023.

The government is offering a cash incentive of £600 to those who become childminders (or £1,200 for those joining via an agency).

The Department for Education does not yet have figures for the numbers who have signed up, but says childcare staffing rose by 4% across 2023 as a whole., external However, the number of childminders - those providing early years care in homes - has continued to decrease.

It adds that while the latest Office for National Statistics data shows the total population of zero to five-year-olds has fallen 1% per year from 2018 to 2022, the number of childcare places increased by 40,000 between 2018 and 2023.

In the 2024 Budget, the former Chancellor Jeremy Hunt said the government would guarantee payments to childcare providers for two years to help provide stability.

Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson has promised to carry on the childcare hours rollout but said it would be a "tough challenge" to ensure enough places were available and that the workforce was in place to deliver it.

Although all three and four-year-olds are entitled to some free childcare across the UK, different schemes operate in Scotland, external, Wales, external and Northern Ireland., external

In each case, care must be delivered by officially registered providers.

Parents may be entitled to other support, including the UK-wide tax-free childcare scheme., external

For every £8 you pay into an online childcare account, the government adds £2 (up to £2,000 per child per year, or £4,000 for disabled children).

Parents who qualify for free childcare hours can save in the tax-free scheme as well.

The Care to Learn scheme, external offers further help to student parents who are under 20 at the start of their course.

The government has a childcare calculator, external to help compare available schemes.